Table 2 Benefits of smart cities for sustainable cities

Data-driven applications for enhancing the outcome of the design principles and strategies underlying sustainable urban forms

Advanced simulation models for evaluating and optimizing such principles and strategies in terms of design scalability and planning flexibility that are necessary for responding to urban growth, environmental pressures, changes in socio-economic needs, discontinuities, and societal transitions

Urban intelligence functions for monitoring, planning, and designing sustainable cities

Data-driven smart urban metabolism for understanding the causalities governing urbanism and allowing citizens and city authorities to receive feedback on the system consequences of their choices

Innovative frameworks for smartening up urban metabolism to enable sustainable cities to maintain their levels of sustainability

Data-driven approaches to integrating urban systems, coordinating urban domains, and coupling urban networks

Data-driven applications for enhancing participation, equity, fairness, safety, and accessibility, as well as service delivery and efficiency in relation to the quality of life

Data-driven solutions for identifying risks, uncertainties, and hazards