An interdisciplinary debate on project perspectives
Table 1 Summary of Design intervention in camp for resilience (from Al Azzawi et al. 2020 and after UNHCR 2000)
Parameter | Existing issue/challenge | Proposed strategy |
|---|---|---|
Provision of rainwater harvesting (RWH) | No provision | Yes—RWH pipe in each shelter unit |
Ground Water recharge | No provision | Yes—Through RWH pipe and drain pipe for water in shelter during a flood |
Basic unit design | Substandard temporary shelter made with rods and sheets | 3 m×7 m for a family of approximately 4–6 members with 3.5 sq. m/person |
Installation | Assembled on site | To be received as components and assembled on site with simple steps |
Flood resilience structural measures proposed | No measures taken, leaking roofs, inundation of floor during floods | Shelter will be 1 m elevated from the + 0.0 ground using corrugated flexible RP sheets stacked in a honeycomb (HC) cells |
Resilience at community level | Organic shelters with no community resilience. Limited civic services present in the shelter | Provision of 30 sqm for basic requirements roads, foot paths, educational facilities, sanitation, security, firebreaks, administration, water storage, distribution points, markets, storage of relief items and, plots for shelter |
Health resilience in camp | Limited service available | The common Toilets and washrooms are very important and should be adequate for the indented camp population to avoid open defecation and related health impacts |
Community resilience | Limited service available | Community space: Health (physical and mental) and education centers. Self-help groups and livelihood options. Community playground is essential for children to play and for people to come to a place and communicate and support each other |
Energy | 99% dependence on grid | Installation of solar roofs on community places, shaded areas in agricultural area to reduce the dependence on grid by 30% |
Water | Water supply majorly (78%) through trucks | Water recycling, rain water harvesting and water rejuvenation along with ground water recharge to reduce the dependence on external water trucks and the cost associated with the same |
Solid Waste | 75% collection by municipality | Increased recycling and re-use of waste. Segregation and management included in the livelihood action strategy to reduce the waste generated within the community. Concept of sustainable consumption and production recommended |
Recreational Spaces | No attention to recreation in overcrowded high density settlements | Hanging gardens designed in each unit along with common play areas and vegetable garden for the utility and recreation of the community |